Improvement in coal-mining machines



. sweets-sheen. J. W. HARRISON. Goal-Mining"Machine.

\ Patented sept. 2,1879.

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NPETER$, PHOTQ-UTOGRAPHER, WASHINGTGN. D. C.

Jyw. HARRISON. Coal-Mining Machine.

tent'ed Sept. 2,1879.

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HER, WASH UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JONATHAN w. HARnrsoN, or WAYNE, MICH., AssIeNon To JoHN J. HARRI- SONAND ORANGE BUTLER,

OF SAME PLAGE, ON E-THIRD TO EACH.

IMPROVEMENT INv COAL-MINING MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 219,090,`datedSeptember' 2, 1879; application filed October 21, 1878.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, J oNATHAN W. HARRI- SON, of Wayne, in the county ofWVayne and State ot' Michigan, have invented a new and ImprovedCoal-Mining Machine, of which the following is a specification.

My machine isV constructed with a drill'or pick of peculiarconstruction, having a concave end and an octagonal bodyand concavefaces, and receiving alongitudinal reciprocating motion by means of apiston working in a horizontal cylinder and driven by compressed air orsteam, which is admitted to the ends of the cylinder alternately bymeans ot' either a rotary or reciprocating valve driven by a" doublerotary engine consisting of a pair oi' ec centrics coupled together, soas to stop and start atany point, and governed by two slidevalves, helddown by air or steam, as is usual with steam-enginevalves. The motion ofthe machine is regulated by a throttle, operated by a lever 011 the endof the valve-chest. A hand-wheel is mounted on the shaft of the coupledeccentrics for starting them. In each end ot' the cylinder is a rubbercushion, that inthe forward end, through which the pistonrod carryingthe pick works, being annular, and fitting over a nose projecting inwardfrom the cylinder-head, and screw-threaded to secure the rubber cushion,the front face ofthe piston being recessed to receive said nose. Theinner portion of the piston-rod may be round; but the outer part is ofsquare, octagon, or other non-circular shape, and works through aguiding-sleeve fitted to rotate on the front cylindenhead, and providedwith a pinion to rotate it, by means of a cogged seg- Vment mounted on arod extending back to the rear ofthe machine, and bent in the form of ahand-lever, for the purpose of turning the drill or pick, so that 4itscutting-blade may be in either a vertical or horizontal plane, asrequired.4 y

The machine is mounted on wheels formed with ratchet=teeth and heldbypawls, so as to secure the machine against backward movement whenworking on an inclined surface. It is provided with handles similar tothose of a plow or hand-truck, by which it may be readilymoved fromplace to place and pushed up to its work. It is made double, itpreferredthat is,with two cylinders, placed side by side and workin gtheir drills alternately.

In order that my invention may be moreV fully understood, I will proceedto describe it` with reference to the accompanying drawings, in WhichFigure l is a plan of the machine with the extremities omitted. Fig. 2is a longitudinal section through the center of one of' the cylin- .c

of the guiding rod and sleeve. Fig. 5 is a transverse section of thepick on the line 5 5.

O C are a pair of cylinders, mounted side by side on carrying-wheelsWW,which are formed with ratchet-teeth w fw, to enable the wheels to belocked against backward motion by means of lever-pawls I I, fulcrumed onthe handles H H, `by means of which the machine is advanced to its workas required.

A represents one of the improved piekpoints, mounted on a square orothernon-circular rod, R, attached to the piston I), one of hch pistons worksin each of the cylinders rIhe cutting-face a of the pick is of concaveshape, as shown, forming two prominent points. The upper and lowersides, c a', of the piek are formed with cuttingedges or sharp angles,to adapt the tool to cut its way into the surface of the wall or top ofthe exea vation in such a manner as to effectua'lly prevent thedeflection of the tool out of its proper line of cut by the contact ofsuch surface even after the projecting points of the cutting-face havebecome slightly worn.

The portion ofthe rod R outside or beyond the stuffing-box ot thecylinder-head C has the square section indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, orother non-circular shape, so that it may be guided in a box, E, ofcorresponding shape,

formed to receive it in the extremity of the revolving tubular .nose F.

A convenient mode of securing the nose F to the cylinder-head'O, and atthe same time permitting its rotation, is shown in Fig. 2, the base ofthe nose being constructed with a fe- 2 Maceo male screw fitting ascrew-threaded boss, cl,

on the cylinder-head; and on the exterior of turned as far as possiblein one direction the double-pointed pick will work in a vertical plane,and when turned as far as possible in the. other direction in ahorizontal plane.

The piston P isv cushioned at the eXtremi ties of its stroke by rubberdisks l) D', the

cushion D, through which the piston-rod must work, being annular, andsecured upon an inwardly-projecting boss, c2, threaded to receive andhold it, the forward face ofthe piston be ing recessed to pass over saidnose. The steam or compressed air to work the piston P `reaches the endsof the cylinder through ports p19', under control of either a rotary ora slide valve, V, worked by double eccentrics J J, keyed to its `shaft1J, and working in a cylinder, K, and constituting a double rotary engine, which is driven by the same power which p works the-pistons P. Thecylinder K is double,

being divided by a partition, L, and rotary head M, to admit of mountingthe eccentrics at an angle to each other. so as to avoid deadcenters.. y

N Nv are the sliding abutments, bearing on the peripheries of theeccentrics J J', as in rotary engines.

O O are the steam-chests of the valve-driving engine J J K, and Q Qthrottles to control the admission of steam or air thereto.

U U are pipes admitting steam or air to the main valve-chests V. u u arecocks-or throttles controlling said pipes.

Y is a hand-wheel, mounted on the end of the valve-shaft c, for startingthe machine.

If it be preferred to use a slide-valve instead of the rotary valve Vhere represented, said slide-valve will be worked by a crank oreccentric on the shaft o, in customary manner.

The particular construction of drill or pick herein shown anddescribedthat is to say, with a crescent-shaped double-pointedvworkingextremity and Octagon concave-faced body-gives it great strength andstiffness, and at the same time adapts it to work with freedom .and goodeffect in deep holes.

In my Letters Patent No. 198,610, granted the 25th of December, 1877, Idescribed a pick constructed with a concave end and held in acertainplane by a guiding-nose. `I have found, in practice, that the picktherein described failed to operate with good success by reason of thefaulty construction of its sides, the result being that the point orcorner which was ex-A posed to wear against the drifting surface rapidlybecame rounded, and a converging cut was the unavoidable result,rendering the pick practically inoperative, because it would not cut ina straight line or plane.

By my present improvement I form the pick with sharp edges, asillustrated in Figs. 3, 4,

and 5, as well as with a sharp concave face.'

This improvement accomplishes with perfect success the object of runningthe cut in a direct horizontal or vertical plane., as may be desired,the sharp edge eifectually preventing the deiiection of the pick, evenwhen the corner has become slightly worn.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim asnewtherein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. The combination, with a suitable pick, ot" the piston P, the cylinder(j, the valve V, and the doubleeccentric engine E E', for operating thesaid valve.

2. The combination of the piston P, recessed as described, thecylinder-head C', provided with inwardl ro'ectino nose c2 and thecushion D, secured on said internal nose, as cxplained.

3. The combination, with the pick A, of the non-circular rod R, therevolving guide-slt eve E, gearing F, and shaft S, as and for thepurposes set forth.

4. The combination, in a coal or rock drill! ing machine, of the toothedcarrying-wheels W, the holdin g-pawls, and the handles H, sub-vstantially as and for the purposes set fort-h.

5. rI he pick A, constructed with a concave cutting-face, a, and withcutting-edges a a at its upper and lower sides, in combination with theguiding-rod R and box or sleeve E, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

JONATHAN W. HARRISON.

Witnesses:

HIRAM WIGHTMAN, ELMIRA WIGH'rMAN.

